Today’s article comes from Oliver et al. (2019) Association of Upper Extremity Pain With Softball Pitching Kinematics and Kinetics. 37 adolescent pitchers ages 12-18 were divided into two groups: those pitching with pain (pain group) and those pitching without pain (no pain group). Each threw 3 pitches in a motion capture lab. Pain groups were determined by a self-reported pain scale. They found:
- Kinematic Differences: Pitchers with pain showed greater shoulder horizontal abduction and greater trunk rotation at foot contact.
- Kinetic Differences: Pain group had increased shoulder distraction forces and greater elbow flexion torque during the arm acceleration phase.
- Timing Differences: The pain group had earlier trunk rotation, which may lead to altered mechanics and increased stress on the arm.
Implications: The study suggests that certain kinematic and kinetic patterns are associated with upper extremity pain in youth softball pitchers. Early trunk rotation and increased loading at the shoulder and elbow may contribute to overuse injuries. This study highlights the importance of proper sequencing and timing during the pitch to minimize pain and injury risk. Coaches and clinicians should monitor mechanics to identify risk factors and adjust training to prevent pain development. I would also suggest that coaches ask their athletes often about how they are feeling. Athletes often glaze over, forget or avoid talking about pain as they pitch, particularly when the competition heats up. Develop a relationship that fosters good communication with your pitchers, so they feel comfortable giving you the truth.
